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Showing items 1301 - 1400 of 1522.

PDF 89 May 10 We Declassified documents Key Archive (TNA) European Policy: Walters minute to MT ("When 'The Time Will Be Ripe'") ["This note attempts to set out a positive response [to the EMS issue] which will, nevertheless, preserve our position" - copy annotated by MT] [declassified Jul 2016]
PDF 89 May 10 We Declassified documents Key Archive (TNA) European Policy: Walters minute to MT ("When 'The Time Will Be Ripe'") [proposals to restate British position on ERM entry in positive terms "which will, nevertheless, preserve our position"] [declassified Dec 2016]
PDF 89 May 10 We Declassified documents Key Archive (TNA) Economic Policy: Walters minute to MT ("When "The Time Will Be Ripe"") ["we always appear to be negative [on EMS].... this note atttempts to set out a positive response"] [declassified Jul 2017]
PDF 89 May 17 We Declassified documents Key Archive (Thatcher MSS) Conservative Party: Lennox-Boyd conversation record (MT-Walters-Turnbull-Gray-Powell) [reformulating her position on ERM entry] [released Mar 2019]
Text 89 May 19 Fr Declassified documents Key Reagan article Ronald Reagan: Margaret Thatcher & the Revival of the West: Her Real Legacy [external link]
PDF 89 May 20 Sa Declassified documents Key Archive (TNA) European Policy: No.10 record of conversation (MT, Chancellor of the Exchequer) [Lawson unhappy; MT seeks to smooth over public perception of rift in regard to economic policy; efforts to present united front complicated by subsequent No.10 press office advice/actions] [declassified Jul 2016]
PDF 89 May 20 Sa Declassified documents Key Archive (TNA) China: UKE Beijing to FCO ("Chinese Internal Situation") [US believes "Chinese Government has decided that there is no way to avoid bloodshed"] [declassified 2016]
PDF 89 May 25 Th Declassified documents Key Archive (TNA) Local Government: Ridley minute to MT ("Role of local authorities") [stock-taking meeting; "[our] major programme of incremental reform ... is now resulting in a seachange in attitudes ... I would advise against another wave of radical reform in the immediate future"] [declassified July 2017]
PDF 89 Jun 1 Th Declassified documents Key Archive (TNA) USA: No.10 conversation record (MT-President Bush) [NATO/East West relations and defence; Austrian membership of the EC; China; Vietnamese Boat People; Middle East; Lebanon; Southern Africa; Argentina; SDI; Environmental Questions; Cambodia; intelligence cooperation; IDU] [declassified Jul 2018]
Info only 89 Jun 3 Sa Chronology Key [Chronology] China: Tiananmen Square massacre
PDF 89 Jun 5 Mo Declassified documents Key Archive (TNA) China: No.10 record of conversation (MT-President Bush) [Tiananmen Square] [declassified 2016]
PDF 89 Jun 5 Mo Declassified documents Key Archive (TNA) China: No.10 minute for MT ('China') [situation developing "very fast", possible UK measures; "you can probably afford to step up further your condemnation of what is happening"] [declassified 2016]
PDF 89 Jun 14 We Declassified documents Key Archive (TNA) European Policy: Powell minute to MT (European Council Madrid: EC issues) [critical analysis of Howe-Lawson minute urging UK commits to join ERM by end 1992] [declassified Dec 2016]
PDF 89 Jun 14 We Declassified documents Key Archive (TNA) European Policy: Howe-Lawson joint minute to MT ("EC issues, and Madrid") [urges Britain should set a non-legally binding timetable to join the ERM by end 1992] [declassified Dec 2016]
PDF 89 Jun 16 Fr Declassified documents Key Archive (TNA) European Policy: Powell briefing for MT ("Madrid European Council: Delors Report") [evolving UK position on ERM membership; meetings with Walters then Howe and Lawson] [declassified Dec 2016]
PDF 89 Jun 19 Mo Declassified documents Key Archive (TNA) European Policy: Powell briefing for MT ("Madrid European Council: ERM") [following meeting with Walters MT evolving her position before meeting Howe & Lawson] [declassified Dec 2016]
Info only 89 Jun 20 Tu Chronology Key [Chronology] MT met Howe and Lawson to discuss ERM line at Madrid Council (met again 25 Jun)
PDF 89 Jun 20 Tu Declassified documents Key Archive (TNA) European Policy: Powell minute to MT ("Madrid European Council") [proposed line to take on entry to ERM] [declassified Dec 2016]
PDF 89 Jun 20 Tu Declassified documents Key Archive (TNA) European Policy: No.10 record of conversation (MT, Howe, Lawson) [line to take in Madrid - MT "remained sceptical whether a concession by us on membership of the ERM would really achieve our agreed aim of blocking an IGC and Stages 2 and 3 of Delors"] [declassified Dec 2016]
PDF 89 Jun 23 Fr Declassified documents Key Archive (TNA) European Policy: Foreign Secretary & Chancellor of the Exchequer minute to MT ("Madrid European Council: economic and monetary union") ["we would welcome the opportunity of another talk with you this week about what should be said there"] [declassified Jul 2017]
PDF 89 Jun 23 Fr Declassified documents Key Archive (TNA) South Africa: No.10 record of conversation (MT-National Party leader F.W. De Klerk: tête-à-tête) [MT "did not find his emphasis on group rights and the need to avoid tyranny by any one group of another was very helpful ... it would look as though white South Africans were expecting blacks to behave better to them than they had behaved towards the blacks"] [declassified Jul 2017]
PDF 89 Jun 24 Sa Declassified documents Key Archive (TNA) European Policy: Charles Powell minute to MT (economic & monetary union: unscheduled meeting with Lawson & Howe) [MT agrees to meeting next day, prior to departure for European summit in Madrid; CDP: "very selfish"] [declassified Jul 2016]
PDF 89 Jun 24 Sa Declassified documents Key Archive (TNA) European Policy: Powell briefing for MT ("Tomorrow's meeting") [Howe/Lawson: European Council Madrid: discussion of their concerns, primarily on ERM & Conservative Party divisions over Europe; outline of counter-arguments for MT to deploy if deemed necessary] [declassified Jul 2017]
PDF 89 Jun 25 Su Declassified documents Key Archive (Thatcher MSS) Conservative Party/ERM: MT note on meeting with Howe and Lawson ("G.H. and N.L. Madrid Conference") ["Demanded that I give an undertaking to join the ERM and specify a date .... If not - they would both resign"] [released Mar 2019]
Info only 89 Jun 26 Mo Chronology Key [Chronology] Madrid European Council (ended 27 Jun): MT set "Madrid conditions" for ERM entry; rejected Social Charter
PDF 89 Jun 27 Tu Declassified documents Key Archive (TNA) European Policy: No.10 minute to MT ("Madrid summit") [post mortem - "judgment of [Howe & Lawson]... was faulty" - no pressure to set date for entry; setting a date would not have forestalled future work on Stages 2 & 3] [declassified Jul 2017]
PDF 89 Jun 27 Tu Declassified documents Key Archive (Thatcher MSS) Conservative Party: Director Conservative Research Department briefing ("Report on 1989 Euro-Election Campaign") [too negative, substance not presentation the problem] [released Mar 2019]
PDF 89 Jun 28 We Declassified documents Key Archive (TNA) Local Government: No.10 record of conversation (MT, Ridley, John Gummer, Sir Terry Heiser) ["Role and structure of local government"] [declassified July 2017]
PDF 89 Jun 29 Th Declassified documents Key Archive (State Department) China: White House/State Department memorandum ("Themes") [paper for Scowcroft/Eagleburger secret mission to Beijing] [declassified 1998]
Info only 89 Jul 24 Mo Chronology Key [Chronology] Reshuffle: Major replaced Howe at Foreign Office; Howe new Deputy PM; Ridley went to DTI, Patten replacing him at Environment
PDF 89 Sep 4 Mo Declassified documents Key Archive (TNA) Community Charge: No.10 record of conversation (MT bilateral with Chris Patten) [Community Charge (Patten did not propose safety net for individuals); litter; pollution; environment; planning; water; homelessness] [released Jul 2017]
PDF 89 Sep 5 Tu Declassified documents Key Archive (TNA) NHS: No.10 record of conversation (MT-Clarke) [implementation of NHS Review] [released Dec 2016]
PDF 89 Sep 14 Th Declassified documents Key Archive (TNA) Community Charge: No.10 record of conversation (MT-Lawson-Baker-Patten-Major) [local authority grant settlement - expectations of transition problems] [released Dec 2016]
PDF 89 Sep 14 Th Declassified documents Key Archive (TNA) Local Government: No.10 record of conversation (MT, Lawson, Baker, Patten, Lamont, David Hunt, Brian Griffiths) ["Local authority grant settlement"] [declassified July 2017]
PDF 89 Sep 23 Sa Declassified documents Key Archive (TNA) Soviet Union: No.10 record of conversation (MT, Gorbachev) [Gorbachev's assessment of current internal situation; human rights/emigration; Eastern Europe; US/Soviet relations; arms control/chemical weapons/START; NATO/CFE/SNF; bilateral issues; environmentalism;China; Japan; Middle East; German unification/Warsaw Pact] [declassified Dec 2016]
Text 89 Sep 23 Sa Declassified documents Key Archive (National Security Archive) Cold War: MT conversation with Mikhail Gorbachev (extract from Soviet memcon in Gorbachev Archive) [“Britain & Western Europe are not interested in the unification of Germany”]
Text 89 Oct 13 Fr Speeches, interviews, etc. Key Margaret Thatcher Speech to Conservative Party Conference
PDF 89 Oct 23 Mo Declassified documents Key Archive (TNA) European Policy: Turnbull note for MT (Alan Walters article/interview) [MT: "advisers ADVISE, Ministers DECIDE policy"] [declassified Jul 2018]
Info only 89 Oct 26 Th Chronology Key [Chronology] Lawson resigned as Chancellor of the Exchequer; Major succeeded him; Hurd became Foreign Secretary; Waddington succeeded Hurd as Home Secretary; Renton became Chief Whip
PDF 89 Oct 26 Th Declassified documents Key Archive (Thatcher MSS) Conservative Party: MT memoir ("Nigel Lawson's Resignation Oct 1989") ["unless I agreed to sack Alan Walters, he would hand in his resignation ... an absurd, indeed reprehensible proposition"] [released Mar 2019]
Text 89 Oct 28 Sa Speeches, interviews, etc. Key Margaret Thatcher TV Interview for The Walden Interview (Lawson’s resignation)
Text 89 Oct 31 Tu Declassified documents Key Lawson (Nigel) Economy: Resignation speech (Hansard)
PDF 89 Nov 2 Th Declassified documents Key Archive (TNA) Foreign Policy: MT message to President Gorbachev (developments in East Germany) ["I agree with you that the speed with which these changes are taking places carries its own risk of instability"] [released Jul 2017]
PDF 89 Nov 3 Fr Declassified documents Key Archive (TNA) Nationalised industries: Wakeham minute for MT ("Electricity Privatisation and Nuclear Power") [necessity of retaining nuclear power in public sector if electricity privatisation is to go ahead in this parliament] [declassified Jul 2017]
PDF 89 Nov 5 Su Declassified documents Key Archive (Walters MSS) Economy: MT letter to Alan Walters (his resignation) [thanks, regrets, explanations] [released Mar 2019]
Info only 89 Nov 9 Th Chronology Key [Chronology] East Germany announced opening of its border with West Germany; demolition of Berlin Wall began 10 Nov
PDF 89 Nov 10 Fr Declassified documents Key Archive (Thatcher MSS) Cold War: MT conversation record (MT-Kohl phone call) [fall of the Berlin Wall] [released Mar 2019]
Text 89 Nov 10 Fr Speeches, interviews, etc. Key Margaret Thatcher Remarks on the Berlin Wall (fall thereof) ["a great day for freedom"]
Text 89 Nov 13 Mo Speeches, interviews, etc. Key Margaret Thatcher Speech at Lord Mayor’s Banquet
PDF 89 Nov 14 Tu Declassified documents Key Archive (TNA) Foreign Policy: No.10 record of conversation (MT, Hurd) ["East/West Relations": "action required by the Government over the next week or so"] [released Jul 2017]
Video 89 Nov 21 Tu Multimedia Key Margaret Thatcher HC S: [Debate on the Address] [film]
Text 89 Nov 21 Tu Speeches, interviews, etc. Key Margaret Thatcher HC S: [Debate on the Address]
PDF 89 Nov 24 Fr Declassified documents Key Archive (Bush Library) USA: White House record of conversation (1500-1930Z) (MT, President Bush) [partial record] [declassified May 2009]
PDF 89 Nov 24 Fr Declassified documents Key Archive (TNA) USA: No.10 record of conversation (1500-1930Z) (MT, President Bush) [East/West relations; EC; China; Cambodia; Arab/Israel; Nicaragua; Afghanistan; Iran; Cyprus; Argentina; Defence spending; arms control; South Africa; Vietnamese refugees; India/Pakistan; Sri Lanka; Japan; Czechoslovakia; Australia/New Zealand; El Salvador] [declassified Jul 2017]
Text 89 Nov 27 Mo Speeches, interviews, etc. Key Margaret Thatcher TV Interview for BBC1 Panorama ("What Future for Thatcherism?")
PDF 89 Dec 3 Su Declassified documents Key Archive (Bush Library) Cold War: Bush-Kohl meeting record [memcon] (German unification) [declassified] [105K scan]
Info only 89 Dec 5 Tu Chronology Key [Chronology] MT won Conservative leadership election; 314:33 (27 abstained)
PDF 89 Dec 6 We Declassified documents Key Archive (Younger MSS) Leadership election: George Younger’s “Post Mortem Meeting Notes” (MT campaign team’s secret discussion)
PDF 89 Dec 8 Fr Declassified documents Key Archive (Thatcher MSS) Leadership election: Lennox-Boyd note for MT (leadership election post mortem) [about 50 voted for you "with reluctance", you are vulnerable if another 50 become reluctant; enclosures from Younger in preparation for meeting] [released Mar 2019]
PDF 89 Dec 8 Fr Declassified documents Key Archive (Younger MSS) Leadership election: George Younger’s “Report and Recommendations” (conclusions from leadership campaign) [“The result is not as good as the figures”]
Info only 89 Dec 10 Su Chronology Key [Chronology] Czechoslovakia: end of Communist rule (Havel President 29 Dec)
Info only 89 Dec 22 Fr Chronology Key [Chronology] Romania: Ceausescu overthrown (killed 25 Dec)
Text 90 Jan 20 Sa Declassified documents Key Archive (Cabinet Office) German unification: No.10 memorandum of conversation (MT & President Mitterrand) [prospect of unification had turned them into "the 'bad' Germans they used to be"] [declassified 2010]
Text 90 Jan 24 We Speeches, interviews, etc. Key Margaret Thatcher Interview for Wall Street Journal
Text 90 Jan 26 Fr Declassified documents Key Horst Teltschik diary Cold War: Horst Teltschik diary (Kohl angry at MT’s criticisms in Wall Street Journal interview) [translation]
PDF 90 Jan 27 Sa Declassified documents Key Archive (TNA) Foreign Policy: No.10 record of conversation (MT, Hurd, King, Clark, Hamilton, Waldegrave, Cradock, Weston, Mottram, Appleyard, Powell) ["Diplomatic and Defence Implications of Recent Developments in East/West Relations"] [released Dec 2016]
PDF 90 Feb 5 Mo Declassified documents Key Archive (TNA) Germany: UKE Bonn telegram to FCO ("FRG policy on the German Question: German political director gives read out on Genscher's talks with Baker") ["Kastrup says that the situation in the GDR is now so near collapse that the Federal Government is embarking immediately on economic and monetary union.. Kastrup claims that Baker is on board for this"; CDP: "This is it: the Germans are going full tilt for reunification without waiting for anyone"] [declassified Jul 2017]
Text 90 Feb 9 Fr Declassified documents Key Horst Teltschik diary Cold War: Horst Teltschik diary (Charles Powell explains MT’s point of view on German unification) [translation]
Info only 90 Feb 10 Sa Chronology Key [Chronology] Kohl in Moscow: Gorbachev agreed German reunification
PDF 90 Feb 10 Sa Declassified documents Key Archive (TNA) Germany: Powell letter to Wall ("Germany and NATO") ["To put it bluntly, we have to bear in mind - although not say - that we might one day need the Soviet Union as a counter-balance to a united Germany"] [declassified Jul 2017]
Text 90 Feb 21 We Speeches, interviews, etc. Key Margaret Thatcher Interview for Sunday Times
Info only 90 Mar 11 Su Chronology Key [Chronology] Lithuania declared independence of USSR
PDF 90 Mar 19 Mo Declassified documents Key Archive (Cabinet Office) Cold War: Charles Powell letter to Timothy Garton-Ash (agenda for Chequers German seminar) [declassified 2007]
Info only 90 Mar 20 Tu Chronology Key [Chronology] Budget
PDF 90 Mar 20 Tu Declassified documents Key Hansard Economy: 1990 Budget (Major 1) [Hansard extract] [139K file]
Text 90 Mar 23 Fr Speeches, interviews, etc. Key Margaret Thatcher Interview for Der Spiegel
PDF 90 Mar 24 Sa Declassified documents Key Archive (TNA) Germany: No.10 record of conversation (MT, Hurd, Professor Gordon Craig, Profesor Fritz Stern, Lord Dacre, Professor Norman Stone, Timothy Garton-Ash, George Urban) [analysis of the anticipated role and character of a united Germany in Europe] [declassified Dec 2016]
PDF 90 Mar 24 Sa Declassified documents Key Archive (Cabinet Office) Cold War: Chequers Seminar on Germany (“Summary Record”) [declassified 2007]
PDF 90 Mar 26 Mo Declassified documents Key Archive (TNA) Community Charge: No.10 record of conversations (MT-Major-Lamont-Portillo; joined by Butler, Wilson, Mills) [MT concluded that "the general public were blaming the Government for the high levels of community charge"; suggested proposals for radical review from 1991/92 on] [released Dec 2016]
PDF 90 Mar 29 Th Declassified documents Key Archive (TNA) Community Charge: No.10 record of conversation (MT-Major-Lamont-Patten-Portillo) [MT: "with community charge at the present level, the system was leading to an intolerable burden"] [released Dec 2016]
Info only 90 Mar 31 Sa Chronology Key [Chronology] Trafalgar Square riot
Info only 90 Apr 1 Su Chronology Key [Chronology] Strangeways prison siege (ended 25 Apr); disturbances in other gaols
Text 90 Apr 11 We Declassified documents Key Archive (State Department) Cold War: US Ambassador (London) telegram to President Bush (British hopes for Thatcher-Bush Bermuda meeting) [declassified 1997] [external link]
PDF 90 Apr 12 Th Declassified documents Key Archive (TNA) Community Charge: Sir Geoffrey Howe minute to MT ("Towards a Community Charge package") [too high, unjust between authorities, unfair between individuals; wants relief for worst hit &'multiplier' based on house value for richest; easing of fiscal stance] [released Dec 2016]
PDF 90 Apr 13 Fr Declassified documents Key Archive (State Department) Cold War: Bush-Thatcher meeting in Bermuda (record of conversation) [declassified 2003]
PDF 90 Apr 15 Su Declassified documents Key Archive (TNA) Bermuda: No.10 record of conversation (MT, President Bush) [Germany; NATO; nuclear arms in Europe; USSR; CSCE; COCOM; CFE; chemical warfare; Anglo-French defence; UK defence policy; Trident; Middle East; Central America; China; Hong Kong; Vietnamese refugees; S. Africa; Mozambique; Kashmir; Afghanistan; Cyprus; Argentina/Falklands] [declassified Jul 2017]
PDF 90 Apr 17 Tu Declassified documents Key Archive (TNA) European Policy: Powell briefing for MT ("EMU") [meeting with the Chancellor; our evolutionary approach has run out of steam; options for handling EMU] [declassified Dec 2016]
PDF 90 Apr 19 Th Declassified documents Key Archive (TNA) NHS: No.10 record of conversation (MT-Clarke) [possible delay in introduction of NHS and community care reforms] [released July 2017]
PDF 90 May 19 Sa Declassified documents Key Archive (TNA) South Africa: Charles Powell record of conversation (MT-De Klerk at Chequers) [MT thought De Klerk had grown in stature since last meeting; moving speeches over lunch marked return of South Africa's "acceptance back into the international community"] [declassified Dcr 2018]
PDF 90 May 25 Fr Declassified documents Key Archive (TNA) European Policy: Major minute for MT ('EMU') [risk of "the beginning of a path to a two-tier Europe"; MT: "What's wrong with that if the other tier is going in the wrong direction?"] [declassified Jun 2018]
PDF 90 May 30 We Declassified documents Key Archive (TNA) European Policy: Powell briefing for MT ("Bilateral with the Chancellor: EMU") [MT sceptical others would go ahead without us, and even if they did, does not believe UK should follow "a fundamentally wrong direction"] [declassified Jun 2018]
PDF 90 May 31 Th Declassified documents Key Archive (TNA) European Policy: No.10 record of conversation (MT, John Major; Middleton, Wicks) [EMU - MT rejects Major suggestion that UK should accept Treaty committing to EMU "leaving to individual states ... whether and when to join"; instead, campaign to instill doubts about EMU and in favour of alternative concepts] [declassified Jun 2018]
Text 90 Jun 7 Th Speeches, interviews, etc. Key Margaret Thatcher Speech to North Atlantic Council at Turnberry
PDF 90 Jun 8 Fr Declassified documents Key Archive (TNA) Soviet Union: No.10 record of conversation (MT, Gorbachev) [Germany; NATO/Warsaw Pact/US forces in Europe; MT visit to Kiev; US/Soviet summit; the nuclear deterrent; CSCE; Lithuania; biological weapons; Oleg Gordievsky; UK Embassy residence; Royal visit; environmental issues; the transition from socialism to a free market economy; Middle East; Israel/Soviet Jews] [declassified Dec 2016]
PDF 90 Jun 13 We Declassified documents Key Archive (TNA) European Policy: No.10 record of conversation (MT, Major) [ERM - MT "said she no longer had reservations about the UK joining .... The issue was when was the right time to join"] [declassified Jun 2018]
PDF 90 Jun 14 Th Declassified documents Key Archive (TNA) European Policy: Nick Ridley minute to MT ("Economic and Monetary Union") [promote regional groupings or currency arrangements; for trade "it is the Single Market which matters"; "To be alone in the 12 is not the end of the world, nor would we be alone if other candidates were allowed to join the EC"] [declassified Jun 2018]
PDF 90 Jun 17 Su Declassified documents Key Archive (TNA) South Africa: Charles Powell record of conversation (Mandela phone call to MT) [asks her not to press colleagues at upcoming European Council to lift sanctions; MT afterwards said she was "a bit disappointed with Mandela, who seemed to have rather a closed mind"] [declassified Dcr 2018]
PDF 90 Jun 19 Tu Declassified documents Key Archive (TNA) Community Charge: Solicitor-General minute to MT ("The Community Charge") [judgments in capping cases, ability of government to implement policies] [released Dec 2016]
PDF 90 Jun 21 Th Declassified documents Key Archive (TNA) Community Charge: No.10 letter to Law Officers Department ("Community Charge") [MT surprised at Solicitor-General's new advice that existing capping powers could be used so extensively] [released Dec 2016]
PDF 90 Jul 3 Tu Declassified documents Key Archive (TNA) NHS: No.10 record of conversation (MT-Clarke) ["NHS Reforms" - Clarke convinced reforms had to be introduced next year; MT agreed, with reservations] [released July 2017]

Documents lie at the core of this website, each one dated and sorted chronologically (by default) in search results. Most are images in PDF format of original paper documents scanned or filmed for the site. There also transcripts of speeches and interviews, press articles, photos, videos, and more. The document database contains tens of thousands of items and permits complex searching.

Files are multi-page PDFs from which most of the documents on the site are selected. All of Mrs Thatcher’s official files from No.10 are available in full on this site (paper copies are stored at the National Archives in the series PREM19), as well as most of those of Geoffrey Howe and Nigel Lawson as Chancellor (stored at TNA as series T639 and T640).

Guides are articles about key events and topics. Many were written to accompany annual releases of Mrs Thatcher’s private and party papers at the Churchill Archive Centre in Cambridge.

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