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89 Nov 27 Mo	Declassified documents	Major	Archive (TNA)	European Policy: Nick Ridley minute for MT ("ERM and EMU") [EC proposals, their consequences, best UK response - help chart European integration, find alternative to EMU; joining the ERM "a relatively minor question" depending on conditions being met] [declassified Dec 2016]
89 Dec 1 Fr	Declassified documents	Major	Archive (TNA)	European Policy: Charles Powell minute for MT (Howe tv interviews on ERM) ["offensive passages ... bound to be taken up and exploited by the press"] [declassified Dec 2016]
89 Dec 1 Fr	Declassified documents	Major	Archive (TNA)	European Policy: Charles Powell minute for MT ("ERM and EMU") [attaches Nick Ridley paper written as you requested, "useful summary but does not ... have any new insights"] [declassified Dec 2016]
89 Dec 4 Mo	Declassified documents	Major	Archive (TNA)	European Policy: Treasury letter to FCO ("Economic and Monetary Union: Beyond Strasbourg") [how to carry forward campaign for Chancellor's hard ecu proposals after upcoming European Council] [declassified Dec 2016]
89 Dec 5 Tu	Declassified documents	Minor	Archive (TNA)	European Policy: MT letter to Lady Serota (House of Lords EC Select Committee's report on the Delors proposals for EMU) [thanks for advance copy] [declassified Dec 2016]
89 Dec 7 Th	Declassified documents	Minor	Archive (TNA)	European Policy: Lady Serota letter to MT (House of Lords EC Select Committee's report on Delors proposals) [sends report on Social Charter] [declassified Dec 2016]
89 Dec 11 Mo	Declassified documents	Major	Archive (TNA)	European Policy: FCO minute to No.10 ("Economic and Monetary Union (EMU)") [useful quote supportive of our approach from Governor of the Swiss National Bank] [declassified Dec 2016]
89 Dec 18 Mo	Declassified documents	Major	Archive (TNA)	European Policy: UKE Rome telegram to FCO ("Meeting with Andreotti") [IGC would need to last longer than a year; would not be drawn on Delors idea of a second IGC; MT -"very helpful"] [declassified Dec 2016]
90 Jan 5 Fr	Declassified documents	Major	Archive (TNA)	European Policy: No.10 minute for MT ("ERM Realignment") [Italians moving to narrow bands at bottom of existing range, effectively a minor devaluation; no German revaluation considered; minor impact on UK] [declassified Dec 2016]
90 Jan 8 Mo	Declassified documents	Major	Archive (TNA)	European Policy: Treasury letter to No.10 ("ERM: Lira Realignment") [Italy moves to narrower bands, precipitated sooner than intended owing to market pressure] [declassified Dec 2016]
90 Jan 16 Tu	Speeches, interviews, etc.	Major	Archive (TNA)	European Policy: Speech by the President of Deutsche Bundesbank ("Basic Features of a European Monetary Order") [CDP: "An important speech"; annotated by MT] [this copy declassified Dec 2016]
90 Feb 2 Fr	Declassified documents	Major	Archive (TNA)	European Policy: FCO letter to Powell ("EMU") [procedural discussion of formalities consequent on Strasbourg IGC decision; Powell: "no point in raising objections"] [declassified Dec 2016]
90 Feb 2 Fr	Declassified documents	Major	Archive (TNA)	European Policy: Policy Unit minute for MT ("Ratio of Government Spending to GDP: UK/EC Comparisons") [attached article by Tim Congdon rebuts claim Britain would be marginalised if it did not sign up to EMU; "We're doing better than Europe"] [declassified Dec 2016]
90 Feb 9 Fr	Declassified documents	Major	Archive (TNA)	European Policy: UKE Paris telegram to FCO ("Sterling and the ERM") [Bérégovoy at press conference calls for British entry to ERM and says "work on EMU should be accelerated in the face of German unification"] [declassified Dec 2016]
90 Feb 12 Mo	Declassified documents	Major	Archive (TNA)	European Policy: Treasury letter to Powell ("EMU (Economic and Monetary Union)") [MT approves four points for British officials to make in Monetary Committee discussions] [declassified Dec 2016]
90 Feb 28 We	Declassified documents	Major	Archive (TNA)	European Policy: Treasury Coordinating Group on Economic and Monetary Union report ("Next Steps on EMU: A Report to Ministers") [HMG's strategy and tactics for IGC on EMU] [declassified Dec 2016]
90 Mar 2 Fr	Declassified documents	Major	Archive (TNA)	European Policy: FCO letter to Treasury ("British Membership of the ERM: Spanish Views") [Hurd reports President of Central Bank of Spain making "fervent appeal" to UK to join ERM] [declassified Dec 2016]
90 Mar 8 Th	Declassified documents	Major	Archive (TNA)	European Policy: Powell letter to Alan Walters ("The Next Stage in an Evolutionary Approach to Monetary Union") [asks his views on Michael Butler proposal for a European Monetary Fund] [declassified Dec 2016]
90 Mar 9 Fr	Declassified documents	Major	Archive (TNA)	European Policy: Gray minute for Powell ("Financial Counsellor at the French Embassy") [Gray asks should he grant request to see the Counsellor? Powell suggests he direct the man to the Treasury] [declassified Dec 2016]
90 Mar 12 Mo	Declassified documents	Major	Archive (TNA)	European Policy: Michael Butler memorandum for No.10 ("Stage 2 of Economic and Monetary Union") [asks Powell's comments on enclosed draft paper] [declassified Dec 2016]
90 Mar 19 Mo	Declassified documents	Major	Archive (TNA)	European Policy: UKREP Brussels telegram to FCO ("Economic and Monetary Union: Commission Paper for ECOFIN") [rejects UK proposals in favour of Delors approach] [declassified Dec 2016]
90 Mar 23 Fr	Declassified documents	Major	Archive (TNA)	European Policy: Major minute for MT ("ECOFIN") [two main agenda items: German economic and monetary unification, the progress of EMU in the Community] [declassified Dec 2016]
90 Mar 23 Fr	Declassified documents	Major	Archive (TNA)	European Policy: Treasury letter to No.10 ("Bérégovoy and EMU") [source claims that Bérégovoy had told Mitterrand that EMU as defined in the Delors Report would not work and he would not participate in it] [declassified Dec 2016]
90 Mar 28 We	Declassified documents	Major	Archive (TNA)	European Policy: Sir Michael Butler letter to MT ("Second Stage of EMU") [enclosing paper on "The Next Stage in an Evolutionary Approach to Monetary Union] [declassified Dec 2016]
90 Mar 29 Th	Declassified documents	Major	Archive (TNA)	European Policy: No.10 record of conversation ("Exchange Rate Mechanism") [MT, Major bilateral - timetable for membership of ERM; interest rates expected to rise; MT: "we cannot contemplate joining the mechanism in these circumstances"; JM: agrees but "important to consider carefully in the near future the options for the date of joining"] [declassified Dec 2016]
90 Mar 29 Th	Declassified documents	Major	Archive (TNA)	European Policy: No.10 record of conversation (MT, John Major) [agreed that conditions for joining EMS not yet met; Major wanted consideration in "near future", issue closely related to preparations for IGC; sterling in the markets] [declassified Dec 2016]
90 Apr 4 We	Declassified documents	Major	Archive (TNA)	European Policy: No.10 record of conversation ("European Monetary Issues") [MT bilateral with Major; MT - "if other member states decide to take such steps that is their concern, but the UK should make clear that it is not prepared to participate in the process"] [declassified Dec 2016]
90 Apr 5 Th	Declassified documents	Major	Archive (TNA)	European Policy: Valery Giscard d'Estaing letter to MT (proposals to accelerate European Economic and Monetary Union) [joint initiative with Helmut Schmidt] [declassified Dec 2016]
90 Apr 6 Fr	Declassified documents	Major	Archive (TNA)	European Policy: Treasury letter to Powell ("Second Stage of EMU: Letter from Sir Michael Butler") [offers draft reply to Butler; proposals "ingenious and well thought out"; Chancellor shortly to put his thoughts on EMU to MT] declassified Dec 2016]
90 Apr 6 Fr	Declassified documents	Major	Archive (TNA)	European Policy: Treasury minute for Powell ("Economic and Monetary Union") [latest draft of Chancellor's upcoming minute to MT] [declassified Dec 2016]
90 Apr 9 Mo	Declassified documents	Major	Archive (TNA)	European Policy: John Major minute for MT ("Economic and Monetary Union") ["very startled at the attitude of our European partners...all of them were determined to agree a Treaty for full EMU"] [declassified Dec 2016]
90 Apr 11 We	Declassified documents	Major	Archive (TNA)	European Policy: MT letter to Michael Butler (thanking for his paper on economic and monetary union) [happy to discuss in person] [declassified Dec 2016]
90 Apr 17 Tu	Declassified documents	Key	Archive (TNA)	European Policy: Powell briefing for MT ("EMU") [meeting with the Chancellor; our evolutionary approach has run out of steam; options for handling EMU] [declassified Dec 2016]
90 Apr 18 We	Declassified documents	Major	Archive (TNA)	European Policy: No.10 record of conversation (MT, John Major; Middleton, Wicks) [preliminary consideration of our approach to next phase of EMU discussion; Butler proposals to be worked up, need to "finesse attempts to impose a binding commitment to EMU"] [declassified Dec 2016]
90 Apr 19 Th	Declassified documents	Major	Archive (TNA)	European Policy: Powell briefing for MT ("Meeting with Sir Michael Butler") [doubts Butler's proposals for Stage 2 of EMU would secure postponement of Stage 3] [declassified Dec 2016]
90 Apr 19 Th	Declassified documents	Major	Archive (TNA)	European Policy: Treasury briefing for MT ("Sir Michael Butler's Paper on EMU") [technical flaws; Germans do not like it; encourage Butler and his group to think more] [declassified Dec 2016]
90 Apr 20 Fr	Declassified documents	Major	Archive (TNA)	European Policy: No.10 record of conversation (MT, Sir Michael Butler) [City of London concerned to "remain the centre of monetary developments in Europe"; MT - "we could not pour ourselves into the Delors mould"] [declassified Dec 2016]
90 Apr 23 Mo	Declassified documents	Major	Archive (TNA)	European Policy: Sir Michael Butler letter for MT ("EMU") [further thoughts on proposals for second stage of economic and monetary union] [declassified Dec 2016]
90 Apr 23 Mo	Declassified documents	Major	Archive (TNA)	European Policy: No.10 letter to Treasury ("EMU") [MT requesting a note on the Spanish experience following the entry into the Exchange Rate Mechanism] [declassified Dec 2016]
90 Apr 25 We	Declassified documents	Major	Archive (TNA)	European Policy: No.10 briefing for MT ("Obstacles to a Free Market in Financial Services in the EC") [Michael Scholar sees German measures as prudential rather covert exchange controls] [declassified Dec 2016]
90 Apr 25 We	Declassified documents	Major	Archive (TNA)	European Policy: Treasury letter to No.10 ("ERM: Security Instructions") [special instructions for documents on timing and terms of entry ('ADSO' codeword)] [declassified Dec 2016]
90 Apr 25 We	Declassified documents	Major	Archive (TNA)	European Policy: Treasury letter to No.10 ("ERM Membership: Spain") [difficult to draw lessons for UK from Spanish experience of joining] [declassified Dec 2016]
90 Apr 26 Th	Declassified documents	Major	Archive (TNA)	European Policy: Treasury letter to No.10 ("Joining the ERM: Dates") [draft Treasury minute supplied to No.10 on personal basis for diary planning] [declassified Dec 2016]
90 Apr 30 Mo	Declassified documents	Major	Archive (TNA)	European Policy: Keith Joseph letter to MT (covert exchange controls) [encloses papers on the topic by Graham Bishop] [declassified Dec 2016]

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Documents lie at the core of this website, each one dated and sorted chronologically (by default) in search results. Most are images in PDF format of original paper documents scanned or filmed for the site. There also transcripts of speeches and interviews, press articles, photos, videos, and more. The document database contains tens of thousands of items and permits complex searching.

Files are multi-page PDFs from which most of the documents on the site are selected. All of Mrs Thatcher’s official files from No.10 are available in full on this site (paper copies are stored at the National Archives in the series PREM19), as well as most of those of Geoffrey Howe and Nigel Lawson as Chancellor (stored at TNA as series T639 and T640).

Guides are articles about key events and topics. Many were written to accompany annual releases of Mrs Thatcher’s private and party papers at the Churchill Archive Centre in Cambridge.

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